rigorous safety and effectiveness standardsexternal icon as all other types of vaccines in the United States. The only COVID-19 vaccines the U.S.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will make available for use in the United States (by approval or emergency use authorization) are those that meet these standards.Scientists began creating viral vectors in the 1970s.
Besides being used in vaccines, viral vectors have also been studied for gene therapy, to treat cancer, and for molecular biology research.
For decades, hundreds of scientific studies of viral vector vaccines have been done and published around the world. Some vaccines recently used for Ebola outbreaks have used viral vector technology, and a number of studies have focused on viral.