World Health Organization (WHO), said.“We can be optimistic that there will be one or more safe and efficacious vaccines by next year," Swaminathan said in an interview.She said the WHO has already started discussions with member-countries on a viable framework for “fair distribution of the vaccine".
A vaccine candidate developed in the UK by the University of Oxford is currently at the most advanced stage, with phase-3 trials recently commencing in hospitals in Brazil and South Africa.Vaccines usually undergo three rounds of testing.
The first two trials are typically smaller, testing only for the possibility of adverse reactions, not on efficacy. Phase-3 trials are a lot more difficult, requiring thousands of volunteers to gauge whether.